Impressionism

History and Origins of Impressionism

Impressionism is one of the most important and influential artistic movements of the second half of the 19th century. It emerged in France as a reaction against traditional academic art and was led by a group of young painters who broke conventions in search of a new form of expression. These artists were interested in capturing fleeting moments and representing light and its impact on color.

The official birth of Impressionism can be dated to 1874, with the first independent exhibition of the group, where Claude Monet presented his work "Impression, Sunrise," which accidentally named the movement.

Techniques Used

Impressionist techniques broke away from the rules of academic painting. The artists abandoned meticulous detail to focus on capturing light and movement. They used short and quick brushstrokes, allowing forms to be defined by the contrast of colors alongside the light. Sharp outlines gave way to a more fluid and dynamic representation.

Additionally, much of their work was done outdoors, en plein air, to capture the changing effects of natural light on landscapes and scenes of everyday life.

Notable Artists and Their Works

• Claude Monet (1840-1926)

  Considered one of the leaders of the movement, Monet tirelessly explored light and its influence on color. Among his most famous works are the "Rouen Cathedrals" series and "Water Lilies."

• Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)

  Renoir is known for his vibrant scenes of Parisian social life, full of color and movement. His works like "Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette" and "The Large Bathers" showcase his ability to capture light and atmosphere.

• Edgar Degas (1834-1917)

  Although sometimes more associated with Post-Impressionism, Degas was a key figure in Impressionism, especially for his interest in capturing fleeting moments and movements, as seen in his studies of dancers and urban life scenes.

• Berthe Morisot (1841-1895)

  Morisot was one of the few women recognized in the Impressionist movement, and her works, such as "The Cradle" and "On the Balcony," stand out for their sensitivity and subtle handling of light and color.